Cement making materials and process



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.) 7

' W. R. TAYLOR. APPARATUS FOR BURNING CEMENT MAKING MATERIALS AND PROCESS OF OBTAINING CARBON DIOXID A No. 545,552. PatentedSept. 3, 1895.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. R. TAYLOR.

I APPARATUS FOR BURNING CEMENT MAKING MATERIALS AND PROCESS OF OBTAINING CARBON DIOXID.-

No. 545,552. Patented'Sept. 3, 1895.

y K) X 1 (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

' W. R. -TAYLOR.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING CEMENT MAKING MATERIALS AND PROCESS OF OBTAINING CARBON DIOXID.

No. 545,552. Patented Sept. 3, 1895.

U IT D STATES" PATENT CFFI Q WILLIAM ROWLAND TAYLOR, on BocHEsTEa ENc ANDQ APPARATUS FOR BURNING CEMENT-MAKING MATERIALS AND PROCESS F OBTAINIFING CARBON moxie.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 545,552, dated September 33,1895

" lpplieation filed li rna lsea g in in 544,573. (No model.) manta in England September 26. 1891, No. 16,376.

' Z'o allZiwhom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, WILLIAM ROWLAND TAYLOR, engineer, a-subject of the Queen f Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Mcgway Works,Roch'ester, in the county of Kent England, have1 -inve nted certain Improv? ments inand Apparatus for Burning Oemen Making Materials, Lime,"

Chalk, or the Like,

' V forthefObtainment ofiCarbOnic-Acid Gas in the Process, (patented .in' Great Britain September 26, 1891,' No'. 16,375,)ofw'hich the fol- Theobject of myinvention is to socondnct" the process of burning cement-making mate bonic-acid cess can be obtained in an economical man-' pure or comparatively purecon lowing is-a specification.

terials,'lim'e, chalk, or. thelike that thjaca'rgas which is given 01f in the proner and-in a dition. My invention also includes apparatus for carrying the process into ,elfect.

The processjconsists in firs't subjecting cement-making materials, lime, chalk, or' the like-to a 'suflicient temperature to drive oh.

the moisture, organic. matter, and the like,

the material beingfor this purpose contained in a chamber which can be opened toallow I the vapor'aud matter driven 01fto pass to a a d chimneyror outlet from which 1 (if the retort or vessel in which cement-making materials,

lime, chalk, or the like are contained is closed) the vapor and matterdriven oif can be collectedfdr utilizatiomif desired, The said retort or chamber, ifnot already closed, is closed as soon as a temperature is attained at which carbonic-acid gas is given ofi, and the carbonic-acid gas 'as it is given oft is withdrawn v her or in another chamber.

.from' the said chamber. through a closable outlet provided for the purpose,

a fan being used, if desired, totorce or draw out the'gas" .as it is producedi The contents of the chain .ber are then fused,either.in the same chain- The heat necessary to continue the production of carbonicacid gas is applied to theoutside of the said chamber, the heat escaping from a chamberin which cement-making materials, lime, chalk, or the like, previouslytreated as described, are being fused, being preferabl y used for thus h a he chamber fro1n'.which; ca v home-acid gassis being driven 0E .paratus suitable for carrying out my inven tion in practice. a p

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a rectangular kiln constructed according to my invention. Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively a constructed accordingto my invention, showin small particles, and Fig. 8 shows in lougi tudinal section chambers or retortsarran'ged to be fed from outside the dues.

in which the cement-making materials or the like. are burned, which kiln may be of the ordinary construction used for burning clinker for cement-making. B is the chimney, and O D are two fiues by which the fireplace or kiln A is connectedto the chimney B. These 'flues are shown as being arrangedioneabove the other, they'being separated by plates of .iron a, and each the is povided with dampers marked E and F, respectively, by which the .communicatiohbetween the fireplace or kiln Aand the chimneyB can be opened and closed as required. In the :upper flue O bricks or blocks 1) of cement-making material or the iike are stacked, they being preferably perlongitudinal section and a transverse section" of a similar kiln (or it may be a dome-kiln) inga modification in the construction of the Referring to Fig. 1, A is thefireplace or kiln ,forated and corrugated to facilitate the dryand the flue'D is closed by the dampers F.

-ing thereof. In commencing to work-the'kiln' v the dampers E of the upperflue G are opened vfrom to'the chimney B through the fluev G and in its passage-mingling with the bricksor' blocks b, thereby-driving therefrom'the ihoisture and other,; -matter contained therein and raising them to a temperature at which carbonio-aeid, gasis'f-drivenoif from the, said .brieks or. blocks ,Whencarbonic-acid gas [commences .to pass elf, the dampers. E of .the fl e. O are jc10sedFand-the *dampers'F of the combustion fro'iufithefirepla ce A'then pass through"the' flue iDltd-"the chimney and in lowerflue: D iare'fopened;-' jtThe products of 7 or valves are made their passage impinge upon the floor a and maintain the required heat in the flue C until the whole of the carbonic-acid gas is driven off from the bricks or blocks in the flue O, which carbonic-acid gas passes from the said flue by the cock 0 and may be conducted by a pipe or passage in connection therewith into any suitable receiver or other desired place. When the whole of the carbonic-acid gas has been driven off, the dampers E are opened and heat from the fireplace or kiln A is allowed to pass through the bricks or blocks b until the kiln is burned out. The bricks or blocks are then removed from the flue O, and may then be fused with fuel in the fireplace or kiln A, a fresh charge of molded green bricks or blocks being stacked in the flue G to be acted on in the manner described. (1 is an opening in the flue C by which the bricks or blocks may be inserted and removed. During the time carbonic-acid gas is being driven off from the bricks or blocks I preferably employ as fuel in the fireplace A coke in combination with oxygen or other gas or liquids to support combustion. The damper F in the flue D nearest the fireplace is then opened and that at; the opposite end of the said flue nearest the chimney closed, so that the heat from the fireplace will enter the flue D and be retained therein, so as to efficiently maintain the heat in the flue 0 above. The carbonic-acid gas maybe drawn from the flue (J by means of a fan or exhauster in connection with the outlet 0.

In the arrangement illustrated by Eigs. 2 and 3 the upper due 0 consists of a cast-iron retort, open at its two opposite ends'and provided with valves or dampers E, for closing the passage through the retort when required, as in the arrangement Fig. 1. These dampers hollow to contain air or water, or water is caused to circulate therethrough, to prevent them from becoming twisted by the heat to which they are subjected. Grooves e are provided in the faces.

of these dampers or valves to contain packing, of asbestos or other suitable material, to form air-tight joints between them and the ends of the retort when in their'closed position. Thesevalvesordampers maybeopened and closed by means of hand-wheel nuts f, fitting screws g, connected to the valves, as shown, or by any other suitable means, and there may be inclined surfaces on the valves or dampers and on the parts in which they slide, as shown in dotted lines, so as to cause the said valves or dampers to be forced tightly against the retort ends as they are closed. D is the under fine, having a damper F for closing the passage therethrough when required. The bricks or blocks of cement-making material or the like are placed in the flue or retort 0 through the manhole (1, provided with a cover d luted when in position by-a.- sand or lead joint h to make it air-tight. 'i

is a pyrometer, to indicate the heat in the flue 0. The heated products of combustion kiln A are, if desired, through the flue or re- E being open and the damper F in the lower flue D being closed) until carbonic-acid gas commences to pass off from the bricks or blocks, whereupon the valves or dampers E are closed and the damper F is opened. The products of combustion then pass through the flue D to the chimney, circulating in their passage over the exterior surface of the upper flue or retort C, so as to maintain the heat thereof at the temperature required to drive 05 the carbonicaeid gas from the bricks or blocks, avalve or damper F being fitted in the chimney B to regulate the heat as required, by governing the passage thereto of the heated products of combustion from the fireplace or kiln A. \Vhen the whole of the carbonic-acid gas has been expelled from the bricks or blocks,the valves or dampers E can be opened to allow the products of combustion from the kiln A to pass through the retort C until the kiln is burned out, the whole of the heat left in the kiln after the material therein is fused being passed through the bricks or blocks contained in the flue or retort O. The grate 7c of the kiln A is hinged at Z, so that when the fusion of the material is completed this grate may be lowered, so as to discharge the contents of the kiln into the chamber m below, from from the fireplace or first caused to pass tort G (the dampers whichit may be removed through the doorway The bricks or blocks are removed from the flue O and then fed into the kiln A from the top through the opening 0, which is provided with an'air-tight cover p,fnel being supplied to the kiln as required through the doorway q.

The apparatus may be fixed in position or be mounted on wheels, as shown, to render it capable of being readily transported from place to place.

The foregoing arrangement is suitable for application to existing dome-kilns for converting them into flue-kilns. Figs. 4 and 5 show an arrangement according to my invention applied to a dome-kiln. To the upper part of the kiln A, I lit a hood or cover and in the fire-place I fit one or more (two being shown in the drawings) saddle-shaped chambers G, closed in front and open at the rear. The space D between the inner and outer walls of each of these saddles is open at the inner end to the interior of the kiln and is filled with loose asbestos, while the opposite inclosed end ofthe space is connected by a pipe 1' 'to a pan .9, by which carbonic-acid gas may be forced into the space, or superheated steam can be passed through the saddle at a high temperature. Each chamber 0 is provided at the inner end with a valve or damper E for closing the passage therethrough, when required. The blocks of cement-making material or the like are stacked in the kiln A, and a fire beingstarted in the saddle-shaped chambers O (the valves or dampers E being open) the heated products of combustion therefrom pass, into the kiln A and in their passage thus arrangedcan project to outside the flue, 6o 'therethrough to the outlet at top heat and so that they can be charged and discharged dry the material under treatment in the kiln. very readily; As soon as carbonic-acid gas commences to Having now particularly described and as- .5 pass 0E from the said material, the hood or certained the nature of my said invention 'coverpis lowered, so as to close air-tightly the. and in what manner the same is to be per- 65 outlet o,and the valves or dampers E at the formed, I declare that .what I claim isinner ends of the chambers O are also closed 1. The process of burning cement-making by depressing the levers t, or otherwise. The materials such as specified, and of obtaining I0 fan 8 is then set in motion, whereby the carcarbonic acid gas therefrom, said process conbonic-acid gas is drawn from the kiln A and sisting in first heating said materials by di 7o conducted by the pipe it into a suitable re rect contact with gaseous products of com ceiver,aportion of thesaid gas being conductbustion, until the moisture, organic matter ed by the pipe rinto the spaces D containing and the like are driven off and the temperatheasbestos (or superheated steam at a high ture is reached at which carbonic acid gas is temperature may be sopassedin),for thepurgiven oif, and subsequently continuing the 75 pose of'maintainingthe heat of the kiln. Durheating of said materials out of contact with ing the time the carbonic-acid gas is being the gaseous products of combustion during driven olf all airis excluded from thek n', and the formation of the carbonic-acid gas, subcoke is preferably employed as fuel 'n the stantially'as described.

chambers 0, together with oxygen, to p omote v 2. In apparatus for burningcement-making 8o combustion, in which casethe heat of the kiln materials, such as lime, chalk or the like, the is maintained without returning a portion of combination with a furnace or fusing kiln, of 1 the carbonic-acid gas or superheated steam to a chamber retort or kiln constituting in part 2 the asbestos in the spacesD. Whenthe whole the exhaust;v flue of said furnaceand through ,of the carbonic-acid gas is driven from the which the products of combustion are adapted 85 material under treatment, the hood p is raised to pass, and a valve or valves for closing the fromthe outleto and the valves or dampers flue around the retort while the circulation E are opened, so that the heat from thec amtakes place through the latter and avalve o bers 0 pass through the said material in'the or valves for closing the retort when the cirkilnAuntil the material is sufficiently burned, culation takes place around thesame, wherego after which the burned material is removed by the carbonic acid gas maybe withdrawn from the said kiln. from. the retort after the propertemperature Figs. 6 and-7 show retorts C mounted-so has been reached, substantially as described.

35," as to be capable of rotating in a flue O, situ- 3. In apparatus forburning cement-making ated between a rotaryor other fusing-kiln materials, such as lime, chalk, or the like, the 5 and the chimney B, the flue O in which they combination with afurnace or fusing kiln, of are mounted being an alternativepassage a chamber, retort or kiln located in the exwith the flue D beneath, the passage of the haust flue and through, or around and in conheat from ,the fusing-kiln through either of tact with whichthe products of combustion these alternative flues being controlled by are adapted to pass, and a valve or valvesfor. mo

" dampers-1E F. superheated steam can be closing the flue around the retort while the admitted by the pipe *1, and the pipe 0 is for circulation takes place through the same and the exit, first, of the moisture and other mata valve or valves for closing the retort when ter given ofi, and, subsequently of the gas, the circplation takes place around the same,

- 55 end, the, chimney beingin the middle, so as two subscribing witnesses,

v the inlet to the said pipe 0 being protected whereby the carbonicacid gas may be with- :05 by a cap 0 to prevent any material under drawn from'the retort after the proper temtreatment from entering the said exit for the fperature has been reached, said temperature gas, as this arrangement is .intended more being maintained by the passage of the proespecially for treating materials in fine parducts of combustion through the flue in conticles. .Fig. '8 shows stationary retorts (3 tact with the retort, substantially as' de- 116' fixed in one of a similar arrangement of alscribed. v

ternative flues O D. If the dues be long, the In testimony whereof I have signed my heat from fusing-kilns may be'ledinat each name to this specification in the presence of to heat the whole of the retorts as equally as 1 possible. The heat passing from the flues Witnesses: Y may pass under a drying-floor for the pre- HUTCHINSON WILD, liniinary drying of the materials. Retorts JAMES TONKI N OOLEGATE.

WILLIAM ROWLAND rlrtos. 

